Friday, November 21, 2008

Excerpt - Glossary

18-Rabbit: Mayan shaman king ruling in Copan

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acupuncture: traditional Chinese branch of medicine in which needles are inserted at certain meridian points

Ahau: twentieth day sign of the uinal, meaning "light/lord"

ahauob: Mayan rulers (lords)

Ah-Cacaw: ruler in Tikal in the seventh century c.e.

alautun: period of 63.1 million years

alpha waves: brain waves in the frequency range 8-13 Hz

amino acids: components of proteins

An: Sumerian god of heaven

anthropology: study of the development of human beings

apocalypse: Greek word meaning "revelation," usually referring to the scenario described in the Book of Revelation

Arbenz, Jacobo: Guatemalan president working for reforms who was ousted by the CIA in 1953

Artaxerxes III: Persian king ruling in the late fourth century b.c.e.

ascension: theological term meaning "rising"

Ask: first human being in Norse mythology, also meaning "ash tree"

astroarchitects: architects basing their constructions on alignment with the celestial bodies

astrology, Babylonian: zodiacal astrological system based on the positions of the celestial bodies developed in ancient Babylon; what in today's world is commonly identified as astrology

astrology, Mayan: system of divination developed by the ancient Maya; based on the inherent spiritual energies of time

Atl: Aztec name of the ninth day sign of the uinal, meaning "water"

Atlantis: ancient mythological continent

avatar: Indian term for the incarnation of an enlightened soul

Aztec: name commonly used for the mexicas, based on their origin in Aztlan

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Bacabs: directional gods of the Mayas

baktun: period of 394 years

Beast: main evil force described in the Book of Revelation

Ben: thirteenth day sign of the uinal, meaning "reed"

beta waves: brain waves in the frequency range 13-40 Hz

Bing Bang: beginning of the creation of the universe; a giant "explosion" in which matter was first formed from light some 15 billion years ago

biosphere: region of the earth's crust and atmosphere harboring living organisms

Brahma: God of Creation in the Vedic religion

Bretton Woods system: financial system of the post-World War II era outlined at a meeting in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, in the United States in 1944

Burner Days: set of days that are specially celebrated; they occur every 65 days of the tzolkin

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Calendar Stone, Aztec: calendar stone of Aztec origin kept in the Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City; one of the most common symbols of the nation of Mexico

capitalism: economic system whose driving force is the accumulation of profits

celestial: pertaining to the heavens

Cellular Creation Cycle/Cellular Underworld: first level of creation of thirteen hablatuns, beginning 16.4 billion years ago

center of the world: Yaxkin, the Mayan center of the Four Directions

Chac: Mayan god of rain

chakra, crown: chakra centered on the top of the head

chakra meditations: meditations to purify the chakra system

chakra system: Hindu system dealing with the organizing structure of the energy flow of the human being

Chalchiuhtlicue: Aztec goddess of water, ruler of the third day of the trecena

Chaldea: biblical name of Sumer

channeling: receiving information from a higher spiritual source

Cherokee: Native American people originally living in present-day Georgia, later displaced to reservations in Oklahoma

Chicchan: fifth day sign of the uinal, meaning "serpent"

Chichen Itza: major Mayan temple site on the northern Yucatan peninsula

chikin: Mayan name for the western direction

Chuen: eleventh day sign of the uinal, meaning "monkey"

Cib: sixteenth day sign of the uinal, meaning "vulture/owl"

Cimi: sixth day sign of the uinal, meaning "death"

Cinteotl: central Mexican god of maize (corn) and sustenance, ruler of the seventh day of the trecena

Cipactli: Aztec name for the first day sign of the uinal, meaning "alligator"

classical count: tzolkin count used in classical times by the Maya; still in use among the Quiche-Maya

classical Maya: Maya who lived in classical times, about 200-850 c.e.

Coatl: Aztec name for the fifth day sign, meaning "serpent"

codex: ancient Mesoamerican book, usually made from bark

Codex Borgia: late post-classical Aztec codex

Codex, Dresden: post-classical Mayan codex used by the German librarian Forstemann to elucidate the calendrical system of the Maya

Confucius: ancient Chinese philosopher (c 550 b.c.e.)

conquistadors: Spanish soldiers who conquered the Americas

consciousness: invisible boundary that separates inner and outer reality

cosmic consciousness: all-encompassing consciousness

Cortes, Hernan: Spanish conqueror of Mexico

cosmic mirror: opportunity for humankind to be reflected by the cosmos

cosmic projector: universal framework for the projection of archetypal information dominating the various Mayan time cycles

cosmic pyramid: nine-story pyramid

cosmopolitan: not belonging to a specific nation

count of days: another term for the tzolkin

creation field: energy field organizing the divine process of creation

Cross, Heavenly: World Tree; it exists as holographic projections on the level of the galaxy, the earth, and the individual

Cross, Invisible: another term for Heavenly Cross

Cross of Vuotan: ancient Norse name of the Sun Wheel, identical with the Medicine Wheel

crust: surface layer of the earth

Cuauhtli: Aztec name for the fifteenth day sign, meaning "eagle"

Cuetzpallin: Aztec name for the fourth day sign, meaning "lizard"

cuneiform: type of writing used in ancient Mesopotamia

Curry and Hartmann lines: lines in the earth's energy grid sensed by dowsers

cyber money: funds that exist only in electronic form, such as in bank computers

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Dark Ages: name given to the early medieval period, the centuries following the fall of the Roman Empire

day keepers: special Mayan persons responsible for keeping track of the passage of days

Day Lord: another name for day sign

day signs: the names of the deities ruling the days of the uinal

December 21, 2012 c.e.: end date of the Long Count

delta waves: brain waves in the frequency range 1-4 Hz

Deutero_isaiah: author of the later sections of the Book of Isaiah in the Bible, promoting a view of God as universal

divine light: energy of awareness serving to project archetypal information on creation

divine plan: the exact progression of spiritual energies determining the evolution of consciousness

dowser: person with the ability to sense the earth's radiation

Dreamspell: calendar inspired by the Maya, invented by Jose Arguelles in 1990

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ecclesiastical: phenomenon pertaining to the church

EEG: electroencephalogram; an instrument that measures brain waves

Ehecatl: Aztec name for the second day sign of the uinal, meaning "wind"

Eightfold Path: Buddhist teaching as to how to attain the enlightened state

enlightenment: liberation from domination of lower aspects of self; realization of unity with higher Self

Enlightenment, the: movement promoting rational thought and anticlericalism in Europe in the mid-eighteenth century

epiphysis: pineal gland, monitoring light and linked to the "third eye"

equinox: one of two days in the year when the day and the night are equally long

esoteric: knowledge of the inner spiritual reality

ethereal: non-material

Etznab: eighteenth day sign of the uinal, meaning "flint/obsidian"

evening star: Venus appearing in the evening sky

extrasolar planets: planets around other stars than our own sun

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Familial Creation Cycle/Familial Underworld: third level of creation, developed by thirteen kinchiltuns beginning 41 million years ago

Feathered Serpent: main Mesoamerican deity, symbolizing light and the creation of culture and civilization; also called Quetzalcoatl or Kukulcan, the Plumed Serpent

Federal Reserve (the Fed): National Treasury of the United States, instituted in 1913

First Father: Mayan deity that raised the World Tree; also known as the maize god

Five Worlds: prophetic idea common among Native American peoples related to dividing the tzolkin into five different but equal segments

Four Worlds: prophetic idea common among Native American peoples related to dividing the tzolkin into four different but equal segments

free will: philosophical idea that human beings are in a position to make choices that are not predetermined

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Gaia meditation: meditation designed to enhance resonance with the earth

Galactic Creation Cycle/Galactic Underworld: eighth level of creation, developed by thirteen tuns beginning January 5, 1999

galaxy: star system; sometimes, as in the case of the Milky Way, spiral shaped and with hundreds of billions of stars

gamma waves: brain waves in the frequency range of 30-90 Hz

Genghis Khan: Mongol ruler in the early thirteenth century who founded the Mongol Empire

German-Roman Empire: empire founded in 962 c.e. by Otto the Great in Germany; it was consecrated by the pope as a continuation of the Roman Empire and was finally dissolved in 1806

global brain: organization of the planet according to the functionalities of the human brain

global chakra system: planetary meridians of ethereal energies organized in relation to the World Tree

glyph: symbol of Mayan writing

Good Friday: day celebrated as the crucifixion of Christ and the day of the landing of Cortes in Mexico

Great Cycle: creation cycle that began June 17, 3115 b.c.e., and ends October 28, 2011

Gregorian calendar: calendar of physical time instituted by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582 and currently in use on a worldwide scale

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haab: Mayan 365-day cycle

hablatun: period of 1.26 billion years

Harmonic Convergence: spiritual celebration (August 16-17, 1987) on the traditional tzolkin days 1 Imix and 2 Ik

hemisphere: half-sphere

Hermetic principle: principle attributed to the so-called Hermetic tradition, an ancient esoteric school in Egypt

Hero Twins: Hunahpu and Xbalanque, chief mythological characters of the Popul Vuh, the Bible of the Maya

hierarchical: arranged or organized in a graded or ranked series of different levels

hieroglyph: basic sign of ancient Egyptian writing

Hindu: referring to the dominant religion of India, which emphasized dharma

holographic: relating to a structure in which the whole is microscopically reflected in each of its parts

holographic resonance: relay system for synchronistic information transmission from the macrocosmos to the microcosmos

Homo habilis: first species of the Homo, living about 2 million years ago in East Africa

Hosea: one of the great Jewish prophets

Huehuecoyotl: Aztec god of dance, ruler of the fourth day of the uinal

Hunahpu: one of the Hero Twins (One Ahau) of the Popol Vuh

Huns: nomadic people of Asian origin in the early medieval period

hypophysis: a central organizing gland of the endocrine system in the mammalian brain

hypothalamus: a central organizing gland of the endocrine system in the mammalian brain, closely linked to the hypophysis

Hz (Hertz): measure of frequency (per second)

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Ik: second day sign of the uinal, meaning "wind"

Imix: first day sign of the uinal, meaning "alligator"

In Lak'ech: Mayan word of greeting meaning "I am another yourself"

In Lak'ech philosophy: Mayan philosophy that we are one with all living things inner core: region of the earth's center

ionosphere: ionized region of the atmosphere reflecting radio waves

Isaiah: Jewish prophet in the mid-sixth century b.c.e.

Itzcuintli: Aztec name of the tenth day sign of the uinal, meaning "dog"

Ix; fourteenth day sign of the uinal, meaning "jaguar"

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kalabtun: period of 160,000 years

Kalki: Indian avatar aiming at the enlightenment of humanity

Kan: fourth day sign of the uinal, meaning "lizard," "seed," or "net"

karma yoga: Hindu phrase meaning "path of action" or "doing good"

katun: period of 19.7 years (7,200 days)

kin: sun, period of one day

kinchiltun: period of 3.2 million years

Kukulcan: Mayan name for the Feathered (or Plumed) Serpent, called Quetzalcoatl in Nahuatl, the language of the Mexica

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Lacandon: Mayan group living traditionally in the rain forest around the River Usumacinta

Lakin: Mayan deity ruling the East

Lamat: eighth day sign of the uinal, meaning "rabbit"

Lao-tzu: Chinese philosopher living around the midpoint of the sixth century b.c.e.

leap day: day introduced in February every fourth year in the Gregorian calendar

ley lines: lines identified by dowsers as part of the earth's ethereal body, usually related to human spiritual traditions

Iintel: Mayan stone carving with inscription

Long Count: creation cycle that began August 11, 3114 b.c.e., and ends December 21, 2012

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macrocosmos: large-scale manifestations of the cosmos

Mahavira: founder of the Jain religion

Malinalli: Aztec name for the twelfth day sign of the trecena, meaning "grass"

mammalian brain: the lateralized brain structure of mammals; its functions differ between the two hemispheres

Mammalian Creation Cycle/Mammalian Underworld: second level of creation, developed by thirteen alautuns beginning 820 million years ago

Manik: seventh day sign of the uinal, meaning "deer"

mantle: region between the earth's crust and its core

Mauna Kea: volcano on the Big Island of Hawaii; its a major center for astronomical observations

Mayahuel: Aztec goddess of pulque (a Mexican alcoholic beverage); ruler of the eighth day of the uinal

Mayapan: post-classical Mayan ceremonial center in the Yucatan

Mazatl: Aztec name of the seventh day sign of the uinal, meaning "deer"

Medicine Wheel: wheel that includes the Four Directions, used for ceremonial purposes by North American Indians

Men: fifteenth day sign of the uinal, meaning "eagle"

menorah: seven-armed candelabra symbolic of creation in the Judaic tradition

Mesoamerica: "Middle America," archaeological term for the cultural area ranging from northern Mexico to Honduras

metaphor: verbal image used to illustrate an abstract phenomenon

Mexica (also known as Aztec): people who settled in central Mexico in the fourteenth century

Mixtecs: Mesoamerican people inhabiting the region of Oaxaca at the time of the Spanish Conquest

Mongol storm: attack on Mongolian nomads across the Eurasian continent in the early thirteenth century

morning star: Venus appearing in the morning sky

Mosaic Law: law of Moses

Mount Kailas: holiest of Tibetan mountains; considered as the center of the universe

Muluc: ninth day sign of the uinal, meaning "water"

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Nagual: sometimes a totem; a symbolic manifestation of the Otherworld

Napoleonic Wars: wars fought by the French during the rise and fall of Napoleon, 1794-1814

National Creation Cycle/National Underworld: sixth level of creation, developed by thirteen baktuns with a total duration of 5,125 years

New Age: modern movement prophesying the advent of a New Age

new economy: economy generated by the information technology revolution

New Jerusalem: new world emerging at the end of time as described in the Book of Revelation

nirvana: enlightened state in the Buddhist tradition

nodal point: point where a sinusoid curve crosses the axis

number 7: holy number in Mesoamerica, the number of light pulses in each Underworld

number 9: holy number in Mesoamerica, the number of Underworlds

number 13: holy number in Mesoamerica, the number of Heavens

number 108: holy number in the Hindu and Buddhist traditions; Indian sages often take this as one of their names

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Oaxaca: region in southern Mexico

obsidian: volcanic glass

Oc: tenth day sign of the uinal, meaning "dog"

Oceania: collective name for lands in the Pacific Ocean

Ocelotl: Aztec name for the fourteenth day sign, meaning "jaguar"

octahedral: having the shape of an octahedron, one of the Platonic bodies with eight equivalent triangular faces

October 28, 2011: end date of the divine creation cycles

Ollin: Aztec name for the seventeenth day sign, meaning "movement"

Omecinatl: female aspect of the supreme Aztec deity of creation

Olmecs: ancient Mesoamerican people emerging around 1500 b.c.e., who inhabited the gulf coast of Mexico

Ometeotl: male aspect of the supreme Aztec deity of creation

optimal: best under a given set of circumstances

oscillation: wave movement

outer core: region between the earth's inner core and its mantle

overtone: tone of higher frequency generated by resonance with a basic tone

Oxlaj, Alejandro: Quiche-Maya elder

Ozomatli: Aztec name of the eleventh day sign, meaning "monkey"

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Pacal: king of Palenque in the seventh century c.e.

papacy: institution of the pope

passage: movement (transit) by a planet across the disk of the sun

Patecatl: Aztec god of medicine ruling the twelfth day sign of the uinal

patriarchal: relating to domination by a make figurehead

patriarchs: early biblical leaders; Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob

Paul: apostle who played  a key role in the early dissemination of the Christian faith

Pharaoh Djoser: one of the early pharaohs of Egypt; the first major pyramid of that culture was dedicated to him

physical biology: discipline consisting of the interaction of physics with biology

physical time: notion of time as being based on the cyclical movement of material bodies

pictun: period of 7,900 years

Planetary Creation Cycle/Planetary Underworld: seventh level of creation, developed by thirteen katuns beginning in 1755 c.e.

planetary midline: vertical arm of the World Tree, corresponding to longitude 12 degrees East on the earth

Pleiades: group of stars in Taurus, part of Gould's Belt

Plumed Serpent (or Feathered Serpent): called Kukulcan by the Yucatec Maya and the Quetzalcoatl by the Aztec

polarity: duality creating tension

polytheist: referring to religions in which many deities are worshiped

Popol Vuh: "Book of Advice," text of ancient origin relating the Mayan creation mythology, sometimes called the Bible of the Maya

postclassical Maya: Maya living in the period 850-1250 c.e.

prana: Sanskrit word for the energy of life

precession: circular movement of the earth's axis

prophecy: prediction about the future based on resonance with spiritual domains

Protestantism: Christian movement emerging in the sixteenth century based on specific protests against the Catholic Church

Pythagoras: Greek thinker living in Syracuse (Sicily) in the mid-sixth century b.c.e. who studied the harmonies of numbers

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qi: life force in Chinese philosophy

quantum mechanics: physics of wave/particle duality

Quetzal: the national bird of Guatemala, bearing long, shining feathers

Quetzalcoatl: Aztec (Nahuatl) name for the Plumed (or Feathered Serpent) called Kukulcan by the Yucatec Maya

Quiauitl: Aztec name for the nineteenth day sign of the uinal, meaning "rain"

Quiche-Maya: group of Maya living in present-day Guatemala

quintana: five-day period

Qur'an (Koran): holy scripture in the Islamic religion, consecrated by the Prophet Muhammad in 632 c.e.

Reformation: movement favoring the reform of the Catholic Church; founded by Luther, Calvin, and others

Regional Creation Cycle/Regional Underworld: fifth level of creation thirteen pictuns, beginning 102,000 years ago

reincarnation: idea that the human soul passes from life to afterlife to life again

Renaissance: cultural movement expressing the liberation of the individual, especially artistically, in late medieval Europe

Revelation: Apocalypse, the end scenario of creation in the Bible

Romanticism: cultural movement in the early nineteenth century in Europe rotation frequency: number of rotations per second

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Sacred Calendar: name given to the 260-day tzolkin

Sacred Days of Venus: day signs on which Venus may emerge as a morning star

Saint Francis of Assisi: Italian saint in the early thirteenth century, founder of the Franciscan order

Schumann resonance: electromagnetic impulses in the cavity between the ionosphere and the earth's crust

shaman: person with the ability to contact and see into the Otherworld

Shiva: Hindu god of creation and destruction

Six Sky Lord: deity ruling the sixth Underworld

solar wind: wind of charged particles moving from the sun toward the earth

solar year; period corresponding to one revolution of the earth around the sun

spinning jenny: automatic spinning machine invented in 1794

spiritual bodies: ethereal, nonphysical aspect of the body

spiritual energy: life force; prana or qi

spring and autumn equinoxes: days of spring and autumn, respectively, when the duration of the day equals that of the night

stele (or stela): stone slab erected to celebrate a ruler (plural: steleae)

Stone Age: era in human evolution before metals came into use

Stonehenge: arrangement of ancient stone megaliths in southwestern England, near Bath

subconscious awareness: an awareness that is unknown to the conscious mind

Sumer: earliest higher civilization in ancient Mesopotamia, present-day Iraq

Sun Wheel: symbol showing a perpendicular cross in a circle

superstition: belief without foundation

sutra: verse of precept (or a collection thereof) from the Buddhist or Vedic scriptures

synchronicity: statistically unlikely event that appears meaningful and meant to happen

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Taoism: Chinese philosophy developed by Lao-tzu around the middle of the sixth century b.c.e.

Tecciztecatl: Aztec goddess of the moon, ruler of the sixth day sign of the uinal

Tecpatl: Aztec name for the eighteenth day sign of the uinal, meaning "obsidian knife"

Teotihuacan: major ceremonial pyramid complex and commercial center outside of today's Mexico City; it flourished from about the time of the birth of Christ to the early eighth century c.e.

Teotihuacanos: ancient Mesoamerican people living around Teotihuacan

Tepeyollotl: Aztec deity, the heart of the mountain, ruler of the third day sign of the uinal

Tezcatlipoca: Aztec god of darkness, ruler of the tenth day of the trecena and the thirteenth and

fifteenth days of the uinal; the nemesis of Quetzalcoatl

theta waves: brain waves in the frequency range 4-7 Hz

Thirty Years' War: religious war raging in Europe between Catholics and Protestants in the period 1618-1648

Tika: major Mayan temple site in present-day Guatemala

time lock: factor blocking an aspect of consciousness for a specific period of time

Tlacolteotl: Aztec goddess of love consuming the filth of men, and ruler of the fifth day of the trecena

Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli: Aztec deity associated with the morning star and ruling before dawn, ruler of the twelfth day of the trecena

Tlaloc: Aztec god of rain and war, ruler of the eighth day of the trecena

Tlaltecutli: Aztec god of the earth, ruler of the second day of the trecena

Tochtli: Aztec name of the eighth day sign, meaning "rabbit"

Toltecs: Mesoamerican people whose capital was Tula in the state of Hidalgo

Tonacatecuhtli: Aztec god of procreation, ruler of the first day of the uinal and (sometimes) the seventh day of the trecena

Tonalaciuatl: female aspect of Tonacatecuhtli

Tonalpouhalli: Nahuatl (Aztec) name for the tzolkin chart

Tonatiuh: Aztec god of the sun ad warriors, ruler of the fourth day of the trecena and the nineteenth day of the uinal

trecena: thirteen-day period of the tzolkin; a round of stones 1-13

Tribal Creation Cycle/Tribal Underworld: fourth level of creation of thirteen kalabtuns beginning 41 million years ago

True Count: tzolkin count used by the Maya for 2,500 years

True Cross: World Tree and its projections on the galactic and planetary levels

tun: period of 360 days

tuniversary: spiritual birthday occurring every 360 days

Turtle Island: Native American name for North America proper

tzolkin: 260-day count, also called the Sacred Calendar

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uaxaclahunkins: Mayan name for an eighteen-day cycle

uinal: twenty-day period; a round of the twenty Day Lords

uinic: Mayan word for human being

Universal Creation Cycle/Universal Underworld: ninth level of creation of 260 days beginning February 11, 2011

universal human being: unlimited human being with a cosmic consciousness developed by the Universal Underworld

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Venus cycle: an approximately 584-day progression through the phases of Venus as seen from the earth

Venus passage: passage (transit) of the planet Venus across the disc of the sun, occurring about once every century

Venus tables: astronomical tables in the Dresden Codex describing the phases of Venus

Venus transit: same as Venus passage; an "eclipse" of the sun by Venus

vortexes: spiral organizing structures for spiritual energy

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World Mountain: center of the earth in many ancient traditions

World Tree: perpendicular organizing structure for the creation of the cosmos

Xaman: Mayan name of the deity ruling the Northern direction

Xbalanque: one of the Hero Twins in the Popol Vuh, meaning "jaguar"

Xiuhtecuhtli: Aztec god of fire and time, ruler of the ninth day sign of the uinal and the first day of the trecena

Xochipilli: Aztec god of flowers, ruler of the eleventh day sign

Xochiquetzal: Aztec goddess of flowers, ruler of the twentieth day sign

Xochitl: Aztec name for the twentieth day sign, meaning "flower"

Xolotl: Aztec deity ruling the seventeenth day of the uinal, meaning "dog-headed monster," twin brother of Quetzalcoatl

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Yaxkin: Mayan name for the center of the Four Directions

year bearer: day sign ruling the first day of a new year

Yggdrasil: Norse name for the World Tree, imagined as a huge ash

yin/yang: Chinese names for the dark/light, female/male polarity of the cosmos

yin/yang fields: projections of yin/yang dualities onto the earth's surface

Yohualticitl: Aztec goddess of birth, ruler of the eleventh day of the trecena

Yucatec: originating on the Yucatan peninsula

Yum Kax: Mayan name for the corn god

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Zapotecs: ancient Mesoamerican people who discovered the tzolkin; they lived in the state of Oaxaca and built the ceremonial center of Monte Alban

zenith: high point, when the sun is directly above a certain location

zero: mathematical concept developed by the Maya around the time of Christ

Zoroaster: Persian religious leader who introduced a dualist yet monotheist religion


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